Ara vus prec — Reading Companion
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Read the Text
Defunctive music under sea Passed seaward with the passing bell Slowly: the god Hercules Had left him, that had loved him well.
The horses, under the axletree Beat up the dawn from Istria With even feet. Her shuttered barge Burned on the water all the day.
But this or such was Bleistein’s way: A saggy bending of the knees And elbows, with the palms turned out, Chicago Semite Viennese.
A lustreless protrusive eye Stares from the protozoic slime At a perspective of Canaletto. The smoky candle end of time
Declines. On the Rialto once. The rats are underneath the piles. The jew is underneath the lot. Money in furs. The boatman smiles,
Princess Volupine extends A meagre, blue-nailed, phthisic hand To climb the waterstair. Lights, lights, She entertains Sir Ferdinand
Klein. Who clipped the lion’s wings And flea’d his rump and pared his claws? —Thought Burbank, meditating on Time’s ruins, and the seven laws.
SWEENEY AMONG THE NIGHTINGALES
ὤμοι, πέπληγμαι καιρίαν πγελὴν ἔσω
WHY SHOULD I SPEAK OF THE NIGHTINGALE?
THE NIGHTINGALE SINGS OF ADULTEROUS WRONG.
Apeneck Sweeney spreads his knees Letting his arms hang down to laugh, The zebra stripes along his jaw Swelling to maculate giraffe.
The circles of the stormy moon Slide westward to the River Plate, Death and the Raven drift above And Sweeney guards the horned gate.
Gloomy Orion and the Dog Are veiled; and hushed the shrunken seas; The person in the Spanish cape Tries to sit on Sweeney’s knees
Slips and pulls the table cloth Overturns a coffee cup, Reorganised upon the floor She yawns and draws a stocking up;
The silent man in mocha brown Sprawls at the window sill and gapes; The waiter brings in oranges, Bananas, figs and hot-house grapes;
The silent vertebrate exhales, Contracts and concentrates, withdraws; Rachel née Rabinovitch Tears at the grapes with murderous paws;
She and the lady in the cape Are suspect, thought to be in league; Therefore the man with heavy eyes Declines the gambit, shows fatigue,
Leaves the room and reappears Outside the window, leaning in, Branches of wistaria Circumscribe a golden grin;
The host with someone indistinct Converses at the door apart, The nightingales are singing near The convent of the Sacred Heart,
And sang within the bloody wood When Agamemnon cried aloud And let their liquid siftings fall To stain the stiff dishonoured shroud.
_And the trees about me Let them be dry & leafless; let the rocks Groan with continual surges; & behind me Make all a desolation. Look, Look, wenches!_
Paint me a cavernous waste shore Cast in the unstilled Cyclades, Paint me the bold anfractuous rocks Faced by the snarled and yelping seas.
Display me Æolus above Reviewing the insurgent gales Which tangle Ariadne’s hair And swell with haste the perjured sails.
Morning stirs the feet and hands (Nausicaa and Polypheme); Gesture of orang-outang Rises from the sheets in steam.
This withered root of knots of hair Slitted below and gashed with eyes, This oval O cropped out with teeth; The sickle motion from the thighs
Jackknifes upward at the knees Then straightens down from heel to hip Pushing the framework of the bed And clawing at the pillow slip.
Sweeney addressed full-length to shave Broadbottomed, pink from nape to base, Knows the female temperament And wipes the suds around his face.
(The lengthened shadow of a man Is history, says Emerson, Who had not seen the silhouette Of Sweeney straddled in the sun).
Tests the razor on his leg Waiting until the shriek subsides; The epileptic on the bed Curves backward, clutching at her sides.
The ladies of the corridor Find themselves involved, disgraced; Call witness to their principles Deprecate the lack of taste
Observing that hysteria Might easily be misunderstood; Mrs. Turner intimates It does the house no sort of good.
But Doris towelled from the bath Enters padding on broad feet, Bringing sal volatile And a glass of brandy neat.
MR. ELIOT’S SUNDAY MORNING SERVICE
“_Look, look master, here comes two of the religious caterpillars_”. JEW OF MALTA
Polyphiloprogenitive The sapient sutlers of the Lord Drift across the window-panes. In the beginning was the Word.
In the beginning was the Word, Superfetation of το εν And at the mensual turn of time Produced enervate Origen.
A painter of the Umbrian school Designed upon a gesso ground The nimbus of the Baptised God. The wilderness is cracked and browned
But through the water pale and thin Still shine the unoffending feet And there above the painter set The father and the Paraclete.
The sable presbyters approach The avenue of penitence; The young are red and pustular Clutching piaculative pence,
Under the penitential gates Sustained by staring Seraphim Where the souls of the devout Burn invisible and dim.
In Ara vus prec (1919), T. S. Eliot assembles poems that move between dramatic monologue and lyric fragmentation. The collection opens with Gerontion, where an old man speaks from a decayed house, his voice slipping between memory and bitter aphorism: “After such knowledge, what forgiveness?” The line typifies Eliot’s method—compressed, allusive, and wary of easy consolation. Elsewhere, Prufrock and Portrait of a Lady adopt a more conversational, self-deprecating tone, while shorter pieces like The Hippopotamus and Mr. Eliot’s Sunday Morning Service deploy satire and scholastic wit. The volume’s range, from the mythic nightingales of Sweeney among the Nightingales to the sordid dawn of Preludes, reveals a poet testing different registers of voice and pace.
Voices in Transition
The poems in this collection are unified less by theme than by a restless shifting of speaker and tone. Gerontion begins in a dry, almost prosaic register—“I an old man, / A dull head among windy spaces”—then veers into theological meditation and self-laceration. By contrast, Prufrock adopts a hesitant, ironic intimacy: “And indeed there will be time / To wonder, ‘Do I dare?’ and, ‘Do I dare?’” The speaker’s qualifiers and repetitions create a halting rhythm that mirrors his indecision. In Portrait of a Lady, the male narrator’s internal commentary undercuts the lady’s polite monologue, producing a tension between spoken and unspoken feeling. Eliot’s ear for colloquial speech—the lady’s “I shall sit here, serving tea to friends”—is set against the speaker’s self-conscious asides, such as “I feel like one who smiles, and turning shall remark / Suddenly, his expression in a glass.” This layering of voices gives the collection a dramatic, almost novelistic quality.
Pace and the Fragmentary Image
Eliot’s control of pace is evident in the way he juxtaposes rapid, imagistic lines with slower, reflective passages. In Preludes, the first section moves through a series of quick sensory details—“The grimy scraps / Of withered leaves about your feet / And newspapers from vacant lots”—before settling into the measured “And then the lighting of the lamps.” The second prelude shifts to a more abstract, almost cinematic montage: “One thinks of all the hands / That are raising dingy shades / In a thousand furnished rooms.” The third prelude slows further, focusing on a single figure’s awakening, while the fourth expands into a broader, more philosophical meditation. This variation in tempo is also present in Rhapsody of a Windy Night, where the speaker’s midnight walk is punctuated by lunar observations and street-lamp directives, creating a syncopated rhythm that mimics insomnia. Eliot’s use of enjambment and line breaks—short, clipped lines in Morning at the Window versus longer, more discursive passages in Conversation Galante—further modulates the reading experience.
Allusion and the Unspoken
Eliot’s allusions in this collection often function as compressed narratives, hinting at stories the poems do not fully tell. In Gerontion, the line “In the juvescence of the year / Came Christ the tiger” draws on biblical and liturgical language, but the tiger’s appearance is left ambiguous—a predator or a savior? Similarly, Sweeney among the Nightingales invokes the myth of Procne and Philomela, yet the nightingales’ song is “liquid, sibilant, and thin,” a sound that refuses to resolve into clear meaning. The epigraph to the volume, from Dante’s Purgatorio, speaks of treating “shadows as solid things,” a clue to Eliot’s method: his poems hover between the concrete and the spectral. In Whispers of Immortality, the juxtaposition of John Webster and a modern “sleek Brazilian jaguar” creates a disorienting temporal shift. These allusions do not simply decorate; they introduce gaps in sense that the reader must navigate, making the act of reading itself a kind of interpretation.
Readers approaching Ara vus prec may find it helpful to read the poems aloud, attending to shifts in tone and rhythm. The collection rewards attention to its transitions—between speakers, between the mundane and the mythic, between the sardonic and the vulnerable. Eliot’s early voice is already one of deliberate fragmentation, and these poems invite us to dwell in the spaces between what is said and what is withheld.
Years at the desk have taught me how Eliot’s fragments echo the lonely shepherds of old, both voices reaching through noise for a steadier hand. I often set Ara vus prec beside Theocritus, Bion and Moschus, Rendered into English Prose — Key Ideas to Explore, finding in each a quiet patience with grief, a shared way of speaking softly into the dark.
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